Volume 5, Number 2
Below are the articles of the DO-IT News March 1997 newsletter. These articles can also be seen all on one page at the Full Newsletter option.
A total of 76 students from thirteen states participated in the first four summer programs of DO-IT. The DO-IT Scholars program has been very successful. Of the 42 Scholars who have graduated from high school, most are now DO-IT Ambassadors. One of the roles of the Ambassadors is to share their college and employment experiences with the younger Scholars. Most of this is done via electronic mail since our Scholars and Ambassadors live all over the United States. As indicated in the summary below, they have many experiences to share with others.
To give you a sense of the types of personal experiences and tips DO-IT Ambassadors share with others, here are some excerpts from electronic mail correspondence this past fall. Some entries have been modified to conserve space. Some of the questions they discussed are:
What classes are you taking?
Where are you living?
What is your best moment so far? Your worst?
What suggestions would you give to high school seniors who are preparing to start college next year?
My second calculus book was badly brailled. The braillist wasn't actually up to it. The mistakes they made were bizarre, often had to do with not properly edited scanning, everything was late, and they refused to do graphs. We ended up switching mid quarter. The problem in my instance was that Disabled Student Services got good references about the braillist, the braillist aid they could, and then they couldn't. I have a couple really good ones now.
DO-IT Scholars and Ambassadors also received support and guidance from DO-IT Mentors. Here is one piece of advice from a Mentor with cerebral palsy, "My advice for community college students is get your spelling, vocabulary, and English down pat. You'll get a long ways with those skills down. Math too. College uses lots of brain work."
(reprinted with permission in the June 1996 issue of 'Inside Colorado', University of Colorado Alumni magazine) by Debra Lindstrand Johnson
"I thought of myself as normal with a few problems," says Doug Lefever, a DO-IT Mentor. But Doug has rarely been viewed as normal because he has cerebral palsy. His mom made sure he was treated like other kids at school. Each year was another fight to keep Doug in a regular classroom. School officials would say, "We'll let him stay just as long as he maintains good grades."
Doug was the first disabled graduate of Longmont High. He was allowed to enter CU-Boulder with familiar criteria- "One F and you're out." Doug received A's and B's throughout secondary school, college and graduate school.
After seven years with Boulder County's personnel department, Doug accepted a job with the Channel Program in Washington state in 1989. He had interviewed in person for the job, SO the employer knew of his situation. But when he arrived to start work, he was told that his disability could cause problems and was let go.
Doug stayed in Seattle and sought other work, but his disability was a barrier. After years of searching and doing volunteer work he realized he could live on his disability benefits. So he chose to make the most of his unemployment by volunteering his time to help other people.
Doug volunteers 33 hours a week helping previously homeless men integrate into society at a facility sponsored by Catholic Community Services. At first the men asked how a guy in a wheelchair could possibly help them. But Doug has a degree in psychotherapy and his warm, caring personality is infectious.
The list of Doug's volunteer activities is extensive. Among other things, he is a mentor with the DO-IT program at the University of Washington, helping prepare students with disabilities for college and life. And he is believed to be the first disabled head of a CU-Boulder Alumni Association club, having just completed his first year as president of the Puget Sound area club.
The people of Seattle are beginning to recognize what a special person Doug Lefever is. He was honored with a humanitarian award established by the Archbishop of Western Washington. The annual award honors a individual who has "sought justice, loved kindly and gently changed our world,"
In his acceptance speech Doug said, "You know that we all are guilty of passing over tattered books and picking up pristine ones. This applies to people, too, [and] it hurts to be passed over. If we just open our horizons to view each one as a potential gift then Miracles will happen. Everyone has potential."
My name is Kevin Hopkins and I'm what's known as an "incomplete" paraplegic ... that is, I have a spinal cord injury (result of an auto accident when I was 16), but I have regained partial mobility. I get around with a cane and leg braces.
I loved Math when I was in high school. I'm a digital pre-press technician. If that means little to you, let me explain ... it has to do with all phases of the printing process up to the actual press run - scanning, imaging, desktop assembly, color retouching and proofing. I have been involved in the graphics trade for over 20 years, long before digital technology was around. I have also free-lanced in graphic design and photography. For the past ten years I have been working at a company that specializes in retail catalogs ... such as REI, Nordstrom, Eddie Bauer, Sharper Image, Bon Marche, etc.
My real passion is foreign language. I am fluent in French and also have studied Spanish, German and Japanese. Recently I went back to UW to finish my B.A. in French, and am now preparing for a career change -- high school teaching in foreign languages. Currently I'm enrolled in The M.Ed. program at Western Washington U's Seattle branch. Next Fall I plan to be student teaching at an area high school. I still am involved full-time with my printing job. Needless to say, I stay very busy.
I live on a 31-ft. cabin cruiser at a marina in Ballard and, on rare occasions when I have free time, I like to take it out in Puget Sound. I enjoy swimming, travel, films (especially foreign ones), and most all kinds of music.
My name is Todd and I am a quadriplegic. I graduated this past fall from RCH Technical Institute in Renton, Washington. I graduated with a two-year degree in computer programming. I am working for a company as a computer programmer. My hobbies include programming, talking, and being very active in the social scene. Oh! I am 18 years old.
My name is Jodix and I live in Idaho. I am 18 years old and a senior in high school. I was born in Korea and was adopted by my family when I was 11. I was born with cerebral palsy. It only affects my lower extremities. I have eight sisters, two brothers, and two dogs named Max and Zack. After high school, I plan to attend college and eventually become a physician.
by Daniel Aronoff
My name is Daniel Aronoff. I'm seventeen and a senior at a preparatory high school in New York. I became blind after the removal of a brain tumor at age four. I love chemistry, mathematics, and French. Additionally, I enjoy collecting sports cards and listening to music. I am applying to two colleges this year--Oberlin in Ohio and Haverford in Pennsylvania. I am a part of the DO-IT Pals program and intend to be one until I no longer can.
by Luke Jensen
Hi! My name is Luke Jensen, and I've just been accepted as a DO-IT Pal. I live in Texas and I am a freshman. As a 15-year-old, I enjoy most of the things other kids my age do--sports, hanging around with friends, etc. I also have a special interest in computers and computer science. I have loved technology from an early age, and was literally brought up with it. I got my first electric wheelchair at six and have used one ever since. I plan to attend the University of North Texas, and major in computer science. Then, when I graduate, I hope to begin working for Sierra On-Line, a computer software company, as a game designer and/or programmer. I'm looking forward to hearing from everyone. :-)
DO-IT is pleased to announce its newest grant. The U.S. Department of Education has funded a three-year project to increase the representation of students with disabilities in college-level cooperative education, internship, and other academic-relevant work experiences. Project efforts will increase opportunities for students with disabilities to build and attain workplace skills and job experiences that will lead to greater career success. We are pleased to welcome Julie Smallman to the staff to coordinate this project. She will be working with postsecondary students, staff, and faculty throughout the state of Washington and developing materials that will be distributed nationwide. We thank the U.S. Department of Education for funding this worthwhile effort.
DO-IT is pleased to announce the receipt of a gift from NEC Foundation of America to finance the development of materials to help existing summer camps for youth with disabilities develop Internet activities as part of their program offerings. Such activities are designed to help people with disabilities become more independent, productive, and successful in academics and careers. Participants will learn information access skills and communicate year-round on the Internet. Thank you, NEC Foundation of America. Contact the DO-IT office for information about our summer camp programs.
You've heard of the DO-IT Scholars. You've heard of the DO-IT Campers. You've heard of the DO-IT Mentors. Well, watch out for the DO-IT Pals! DO-IT Pals form an electronic community of pre-college students from around the world with disabilities who support one another in their efforts to pursue college degrees and careers in science, engineering, mathematics and technology. They communicate with each other, get advice from DO-IT Mentors and participate in projects throughout the year. To become a DO-IT Pal you must:
Contact the DO-IT office at for a DO-IT Pal application packet.
DO-IT Scholars are high school students with disabilities who are interested in college, science, engineering, mathematics, or technology and have the aptitude for, and interest in attending college. Scholars participate in live-in summer sessions at the University of Washington and are loaned computers and adaptive technologies as needed. They must reside in the United States. Local travel in Seattle, room and board and academic accommodations are provided without charge. DO-IT is recruiting students who are currently freshman and sophomores now to be Scholars in 1998. Contact the DO-IT office for an application packet . The deadline for application submission is January 31, 1998.
A resume is a road-map of the individual's professional life. It tells where the individual has been and where they are heading. Nobody said writing a resume is easy, but many of you may traveled down this road before. Career counselors argue that resumes should be updated at least every six months. Experiences (professional and educational) and skills can change in a short period of time. Above all, human resource departments nationwide are now using new technology to view and store resumes of applicants. Therefore it's worthwhile to format a resume that is scannable.
More and more companies today are using systems to help them manage the volume of resumes for their job openings. It's called "electronic applicant tracking". This new system is designed to help them save time and energy in reading and extracting information on resumes. Large companies receive hundreds of resumes for open positions. However, if the text of the resume is hard for the computer to read, much of the information in the resume does not get into the database.
To help make your resume readable by a computer database, follow some of these tips:
Format
Content
The above format and content guidelines will give you a good start in assuring a scannable resume for computer systems. Resources on the Internet such as CareerMosaic (www.careermosiac.com) and counselors at Career Services and Cooperative Education offices on postsecondary campuses are also available in providing information on this topic. Once you begin this exercise, the more you will learn about this important job seeking development.
Top Signs of Net Addiction
Now admit it... How many of you have made "modem noises" into the phone just to see if it was possible? :-)
You can get lots of information about financial aid for college while you surf the Internet. I was reading the US News magazine several months ago on colleges and scholarships. It listed some URL addresses on the Internet regarding financial aid resources and scholarships. Check out these websites:
World Wide Access is the latest release in DO-IT's video series! Focusing on accessible Web design, the video shows the importance of designing Web sites that are accessible to people with disabilities. Some Web pages include graphical and multi-media features that people using slower modems or text-based browsers (like Lynx) cannot view. Many DO-IT Scholars have experienced first hand the frustration of a site that is not accessible to those using text-based browsers, screen readers, and other adaptive technologies.
World Wide Access helps Web designers understand the roadblocks the multi-media world of the Web can create for adaptive technology users. The good news is that there are straightforward techniques, like providing alternative text for images and image maps, to solve these problems. These techniques, called universal access or accessible design principles, guide Web masters as they develop resources that can be used by all! Follow the simple guidelines listed below to ensure that your Web site is accessible! For a complete description of each of the principles, check out DO-IT's accessible Web design resources at the DO-IT home page.
Many DO-IT Scholars, Mentors and friends are featured in the video which was filmed during Summer Study 1996. Like all of DO-IT's videos, World Wide Access is open captioned and available at cost. A video described version is also available. Contact the DO-IT office if you would like more information about purchasing the World Wide Access video and/or other DO-IT videos.
Have you had difficulty accessing resources on the Web? Do you have ideas on making Web information accessible? E-mail DO-IT with your comments. WeUll include some of them in the next newsletter!
Not all questions about web browsers and web design are concerned with computer users who are blind. Many people with visual impairments also have difficulty reading the various resources one finds on the World Wide Web. Recently I was asked a series of questions in this area and I thought I'd share my responses with everyone.
Just because someone is able to put a page on teh web doesn't mean that they're thinking about the variety of people that may visit their site. It's not at all uncommon to run up against backgrounds with poor contrast, strange combinations of text colors, or just downright atrocious color choices. There are a few things you may be able to change on your end to help with this phenomenon.
There are two solutions to look toward here. If you're using a screen enlargement package that allows for inverted text colors, or custom text colors, adjusting the settings should suffice. CloseView, MAGic and ZoomText all allow for color inversion, which is the simplest method of coping with those blinding white backgrounds.
I personally don't use a screen enlarger, but I do take advantage of some of the features contained within the browser I use to make sites I visit easier on my eyes.
My personal web browser of choice is Netscape. Within the Options-> General Preferences dialog box is a tab for "Colors." It is quite easy for me to change the settings here so that the browser will always use the same background and text color regardless of what a web site has set up. This includes overriding the sometimes confusing background images that some sites use. This is one of the main advantages of Netscape over Microsoft's Internet Explorer. IE allows the user to specify text color and background, but there's no provision to override background images.
It *is* possible to force Netscape to display white text on a black background. Images or graphics will still be displayed in their original colors, which isn't possible when using the inverted color options available with screen enlargers. Again, use the "Colors" dialog box within the Options->General Preferences menu item. Make sure you change the colors for text, links and followed links so that they all show up well against the background color you've chosen. Finally, make sure the "Always use Mine" button is checked for the Colors option.
All browsers will display a site slightly differently. Not only is this due to the fact that they're all different programs, but it's also a function of custom settings within each browser that may be slightly different. With a well-designed site where the web maintainers have truly tested their pages with a variety of browsers, the effects of using different browsers should be lessened.
Unfortunately for now, with the "browser wars" between Netscape and Microsoft in full swing, we won't see these effects diminish any time soon as both companies continue to push features that only work with their own brand of web browser software. This sometimes means that a site may be inaccessible with a certain type of browser, or that the effects of the different HTML tags uses will be manifested in very different ways. My advice here is to politely encourage web maintainers to consider the full range of visitors to their site and suggest that they minimize or eliminate the use of browser-specific tags. Those of us who have been on the web for a while now are familiar with the "Optimized for Netscape" or "Best used with Internet Explorer" type of notices on web pages. I have found a variant of these types of notices that uses a button titled "Best Viewed with Any Browser."
Also, keep in mind that anyone can change the font style and size that is used to display text in your browser window. Oftentimes this means that information won't always be presented in the same general area due to the resizing and positions that takes place due to different typefaces used.
Not necessarily. There are so many degrees of visual impairments that it's impossible to come up with an answer to this question. Use the screen enlargement software that you're most comfortable with and make sure to learn the features to truly take advantage of what the software can do for you.
There's a relatively new browser called pwWebSpeak that looks to be very promising. Often thought of as a browser for people who are blind, it also is an excellent choice for people with limited vision. More information on pwWebSpeak can be found at the http://www.talkinginterfaces.org/artifacts/pwwebspeak/.
Again, don't count on the web designer to make the customizations necessary for you to see the screen well. Use the font options including with most graphical browsers to set fonts style and size that is comfortable for you to read. On pages with different font sizes, take advantage of your screen reader to temporarily increase magnification to read those smaller fonts.
It's important to keep in mind that there are a lot of people out on the web designing various sites. With the large variety of HTML tools now available, it's relatively simple for anyone to get a web site up and running. What isn't simple is to create and install a site that is well designed and a pleasure to use. Think back to the days when the Macintosh computer first came out and nearly everyone who had one would use as many fonts as they could when creating a document.
Now we know that having many different typefaces in a document really makes it difficult to read. People who were creating documents needed to learn the basics of document design in order to do a good job. I think we'll see the same thing happen with web pages. Just because it's farily simple to put a web site together doesn't mean that it will be well-designed. As web users, it's our job to provide polite and specific suggestions to web managers so that we can all benefit from what this resource has to offer.
DO-IT News is published at the University of Washington with input from the staff, Scholars, Ambassadors, and Mentors of DO-IT. The College of Engineering and Computing & Communications coordinate the program. DO-IT is primarily funded by a grant from the National Science Foundation.
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