To be most effective your Internet activities should be fun, engaging, and educational. Regardless of age, interests, abilities, and disabilities, all campers should actively participate. This section helps you realize these goals. While working with campers, be sure to adjust to different learning styles - in other words, the different ways in which students take in and process information.
The Internet offers opportunities to meet the diverse learning needs of your students. Some campers may be more comfortable using a site where they can manipulate objects right on the screen; other students might be more comfortable doing at least some work off-line. Lessons that use the Internet have the capacity to shift the focus from teaching to learning and place much of the responsibility for learning on the student. You can concentrate on individual learners rather than full class instruction.
Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard University, has developed a theory of multiple intelligences, suggesting that there is great variability in types of intelligences that are developed at different times, in different ways, and to different levels. These natural talents or affinities make it easier for different people to learn different things. For example, some people find music easy to learn; some do not. Some express themselves best verbally; others do not. Gardner actually identifies eight such intelligences:
With its multi-media capabilities, the Internet is an excellent tool for a group of children with a wide variety of learning styles and intelligence strengths. For more information on learning styles and multiple intelligences, consult the following Web sites:
Even if your camp is not specifically designed for children or youth with disabilities, you can assume that at least some of your campers will have disabilities - some visible, some not. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) does not allow programs to discriminate on the basis of disabilities and requires that reasonable accommodations be made to allow people with disabilities to participate. Although accommodations vary widely, a little advance planning on your part will allow you to respond appropriately and quickly to the specific needs of your campers. Consider both teaching and technical issues.
Following these guidelines helps maximize the participation of all campers. They reflect a sensitivity to the potential presence of a wide variety of disabilities including blindness, low vision, hearing impairment, mobility impairment, health impairment, attention deficit disorder, and specific learning disability.
Many teachers start their lessons with a presentation to introduce new material. To best communicate with campers, regardless of abilities and disabilities, consider applying the following teaching tips into your presentation.
Allowing campers to share their experiences and discuss their ideas is important. The guidelines below can help you incorporate lively discussions into your sessions.
Prizes and certificates can add fun to your program and a sense of accomplishment for your campers. There is one rule to follow when prizes are involved - try to make everyone a winner! So, if a grand prize is awarded for exceptional achievement, have smaller prizes for everyone who participated. Younger campers always enjoy reward stickers; some older campers do, too. At the end of a comprehensive program, a formal certificate of achievement is appropriate. Try ending the program on a light note with funny awards (Who was the "Best Dressed" camper anyway? And, who was the "Most Persistent Internet Explorer"?).
In order to make your Internet program accessible to all of your campers, consider issues related to the following:
In making your camp computer lab accessible, principles of universal design should be employed. Universal design means that rather than design your facility for the average user, consider a broad range of abilities and disabilities. Keep in mind that campers may have learning, visual, speech, hearing, and mobility impairments. Addressing the general access questions provided in the enclosed videotape and handout, each titled Equal Access: Computer Labs, will help assure that your facility is accessible to campers who use wheelchairs and have other mobility impairments, signs and labels can be accessed by those with visual impairments, and lab staff are prepared to interact with campers who have a broad range of abilities and disabilities. The handout also lists resources that can be used to help you address facility access issues.
People with disabilities face a variety of barriers to providing computer input, interpreting output, and reading documentation. Adaptive hardware and software have been developed to provide functional alternatives to standard operations. Campers with disabilities may be able to bring adaptive technology that they need to access computers in your lab. Or, they may be able to at least let you know what they need. The enclosed handout and videotape presentation, each titled Working Together: People with Disabilities and Computer Technology, provide examples of adaptive technology that allow people with disabilities to use computers.
In your camp you may not have enough warning to provide adaptive technology for a camper with a disability in your computer lab. If this is the case, to maximize participation, consider pairing them with someone who has a different or no disability. For example, a camper who is blind could be paired with a camper who cannot use his/her hands. The blind camper could type and manipulate the mouse; the camper with a mobility impairment could read the screen, describe the graphics, and guide the blind camper as they provide input. The bottom line is to maximize the participation of everyone.
The World Wide Web has rapidly become the most popular Internet resource, combining hypertext and multimedia to provide a huge network of educational, governmental, and commercial resources. Yet, because of the multimedia nature of the medium, many Internet surfers cannot access some of these materials. Some visitors:
If you develop a Web site as part of your camp program, follow universal design principles to ensure that all Internet users can get to the information at your Web site regardless of their disabilities or the limitations of their equipment and software. Use the guidelines provided in the enclosed videotape presentation and handout, both titled World Wide Access, to ensure that your Web pages are accessible to a diverse audience. The handout also lists resources to consult for further information about developing accessible Web pages.
For more information about teaching strategies and making your program accessible, consult the DO-IT home page at www.washington.edu/doit.
Ten sample lesson plans appropriate for a variety of camp settings follow. For each lesson, a one-page description for the instructor describes the audience, objectives, Web sites, and presentation guidelines. Next appears a one-page activity sheet that is ready for duplication and distribution to campers. These basic ideas can be easily modified to create lessons tailored to the interests, ages, and abilities of your participants.
This lesson is designed for young campers. Reading skills are not necessary for this activity. Read instructions to non-readers. The Web site used in the lesson is fun. It was tested by the experts, kids.
Your campers will learn to make choices as they enjoy building their own monsters using the Build a Monster Web site.
Build a Monster
www.rahul.net/renoir/monster/monster.html
Very little lecture time is necessary for this activity. You will need index cards for an off-line activity associated with the lesson. Since you will be working with young campers you may want to access the site for them before you begin. Give an explanation of what the campers can do at this site and, then, just let them go to it. A potential presentation outline follows.
Name(s):_____________________________________
Today you get to be an artist as you explore the Build-a-Monster Web site. Follow these instructions to find the monster building site and build your own monster.
This lesson is designed for campers who are at an early elementary reading level. The site used, KidPub, was developed by a father who wanted to encourage his daughter to write. KidPub allows campers to write and share stories with other kids.
Your campers will write and share their own stories. You can encourage them to write about any topic or you can have them focus on stories associated with their experiences at camp.
KidPub
www.kidpub.org
Very little lecture time is necessary for this lesson. You will need to provide the URL and give an explanation of what the campers can do at this site. Then, just let them go to it. A possible presentation outline is offered below.
Name(s):_____________________________________
Today you will become a published writer as you explore the KidPub Web site. Follow the instructions to find the site and write your own story.
My Story by Travis
When I went to Camp Courage Robbie and I went swimming and rode horses. A funny thing happened one day Rick put me and Robbie up in the rafters of the cabin. We ate in the cafeteria and played at Robbie's cabin.
Besides free time I like math. I go to Laurelhurst Elementary School. I have two gerbils and two gold fish. Their names are Cookie and Brownie and Goldie and Swimmy.
This lesson is designed for campers who are at the early elementary reading level but is fun for older kids, too. The site you'll be using, Build-A-Card, is one of several Web sites that allows you to make and send greeting cards via the Internet. Campers must have e-mail addresses in order for this activity too work for your group.
Your campers will appreciate the opportunity to design and personalize their own greeting cards. They will also have the option of sending cards to friends at the same camp or to friends and family elsewhere (if they know their e-mail addresses).
Build-A-Card
www.buildacard.com
Very little lecture time is necessary for this lesson. You will need to provide the URL and give an explanation of what the campers can do at this site. Encourage them to be creative as they design and write their own personalized the cards. A possible presentation outline is offered below.
Name(s):_____________________________________
Today you will create and send greeting cards to friends at camp. Follow the instructions below to find the card-building site and create and send your own card. Send cards to friends and family members if you know their e-mail addresses. You can even send a card to yourself.
This lesson is designed for younger campers who are in kindergarten through third grade. The site you'll be using, My Hero, will give you a chance to talk about positive influences in your campers' lives.
Your campers will have the opportunity to think about people or things that have influenced them in their young lives. You may be surprised to discover the interesting and sensitive stories you will hear from campers who have only been alive for even six or seven years.
My Hero
https://myhero.com/
Although you will not need a great deal of formal presentation time for this lesson, you do need to start a dialog on the meaning of "hero." A possible presentation outline is offered below.
Name(s):_____________________________________
Today you will write about a hero in your life at the My Hero Web site. Follow the instructions to find the site and write a story about one of your heroes.
Why Bunnies are Best
I have a bunny as a friend. I don't call her a pet because she really is my friend. She makes me feel better when I'm lonely, and she reminds me to enjoy all the good things in my life. She gets great pleasure in waking me up in the morning, and then she enthusiastically nibbles her breakfast of banana and oats. She leaps with joy when she plays and stretches out for the most luxurious naps. Although some people think of people as heroes, I nominate my bunny because of all the good things she contributes to my day. But remember an important lesson, if you have a pet or animal companion, that animal depends on you for all its health and happiness. Be a caring and responsible pet owner and you will be a hero to your animal friend.
This lesson is designed for campers who are at about a middle school reading level and who can find and follow the directions and links in a Web site. The Web pages used in the lesson include information that is appropriate for this audience, as well as for more advanced students.
By the time your campers have finished this lesson, they should be able to name the nine planets in order and to state specific information about Uranus. The activities described in the worksheet will encourage them to do some creative writing and think about celestial bodies and how they are named.
The Nine Planets, by Bill Arnett
www.asi.org/nineplanets
Limit lecture time to allow campers time to practice, explore, and learn at their own pace. Here is one way you can organize this lesson:
Name(s):_____________________________________
Use your Internet skills to explore a Web site called The Nine Planets, written and compiled by Bill Arnett. You can use this site to refresh your memory on solar system basics (Can you name the planets in order?) while you discover some interesting facts about Uranus. Follow these instructions to navigate through the planets.
This lesson is designed for campers who are at least a middle school reading level and who can find and follow a specific Web site. The Web site used in this activity includes information that is appropriate for this audience, but much of it is appropriate for more advanced readers.
After completion of this lesson, campers will be able to describe special features of a city. The worksheet and activities should encourage them to do some creative writing while they think about traveling across the United States.
USA CityLink
www.usacitylink.com
Limit lecture time to allow campers time to practice, explore, and learn at their own pace. Here is one way you can organize this lesson:
Name(s):_____________________________________
Today you will use your Web browsing skills to travel across the United States, virtually. Follow the instructions below to start your trip.
The topic for this lesson is appropriate for young campers, but the vocabulary and some of the theory presented in this Web site is a challenge to many elementary school students. Middle school campers should find this lesson challenging and fun without much additional teaching, but younger participants may need help. The sections that present the physics of rainbow formations will be challenging for even high school students. Spend time previewing the site so that you can direct your campers to sections appropriate for them.
By the time your campers have finished this lesson, they will be able to explain what a rainbow is and describe how it is formed.
About Rainbows, by Beverly T. Lynds
eo.ucar.edu/rainbows
Limit lecture time to allow campers time to practice, explore, and learn at their own pace. The Web site used in this activity covers a topic suitable for youngsters, but the content of the site can be complex. Allow extra time to answer questions and to work with campers one-on-one. Here is one way you can organize this lesson.
Name(s):_____________________________________
Today you will explore a Web site called About Rainbows that can teach you everything you ever wanted to know about rainbows. You'll learn what rainbows really are and how they are created. You'll also learn that rainbows and physics go together.
The topic for this activity is appropriate for many grade levels and is particularly entertaining for elementary school students. Campers should find this lesson fun.
By the time your campers have finished this lesson, they should be able to enter words to create an interesting story.
Wacky Web Tales™
www.eduplace.com/tales
Limit lecture time to allow campers time to explore at their own pace. Help campers who have difficulties interacting with the site. The list below is one way you can organize this lesson.
Name(s):_____________________________________
Today you will use the World Wide Web to create a funny story. Follow the instructions below to get started.
This lesson is designed for campers who are at about a middle school reading level and who can find and follow the instructions and links in a specific Web site. The site used in the lesson includes information that is appropriate for this audience, as well as for more advanced students. Although some of the vocabulary is complex, the author, Dr. Kadar, provides helpful definitions for most terms.
When campers have finished this lesson, they will be able to list the immune system's three types of defense responses, and provide examples for each response. Campers will also be able to apply what they've learned as they think about how different diseases affect the body.
Dr. Avraham Kadar's Immunology Home Page
http://www.cloud9.net/~thekads
Limit lecture time to allow campers time to practice, explore, and learn at their own pace. The topic of this lesson is a good one to use for discussion. Your campers may find in this activity a good opportunity to bring up questions about illness and disease.
Here is one way you can organize this lesson:
Name(s):_____________________________________
Today you'll explore a great place to learn doctor lingo. Not only will you pick up some impressive ER vocabulary, but you will actually learn what the words mean. Your parents will be so proud. Using the Web site called Dr. Avraham Kadar's Immunology Home Page you'll learn how your body reacts to foreign particles like viruses and illnesses. The following steps will lead you through today's activity.
This Internet scavenger hunt can be tailored to suit almost any situation or age group. You can use it to strengthen other lessons or to explore sites of interest to your campers. As you can see from the worksheet example, almost any person or object can be used as part of the hunt.
Your campers will work in teams to apply search skills in finding specific information on the Internet.
Many
The outline below can help you with this lesson.
Name(s):_____________________________________
Today you will engage in an exciting Internet scavenger hunt with a fellow camper. In this Internet activity you will use your Web search skills to explore different sites in order to find as many objects from the list below as you can. When you haxve an object displayed on your screen, ask a staff member to initial your worksheet. Of course, there are fabulous prizes for the winners.
___Whitehouse ___Cat ___Snoopy ___Bicycle ___Dinosaur ___Horse ___Elvis ___Computer ___Donut ___Frog ___The Mona Lisa ___Statue of Liberty |
___Canoe ___Bird ___Cabin ___Lake ___Swimming ___Campfire ___Mosquito ___Hiking ___Bear ___Marshmallow ___Raccoon ___Oar |