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What We’re Reading This Week, April 25-29

Here’s a selection of articles the Federal Relations team is enjoying this week.

Federal “Affordability” Conundrum  –  The crisis of college affordability may not be solvable by the federal government: It has had much less control over tuition than state policies. Read more in The Atlantic. 

On the Rise, But More to Go – Meanwhile, higher education funding is creeping back toward pre-recession levels – but 45 states still appropriated fewer dollars per student last year than they did in 2008, according to the State Higher Education Executive Officers Association’s (SHEEO) 13th annual State Higher Education Finance report. Still, 40 states boosted support in FY 2015, and total state and local government allocations to public colleges increased more than $4 billion, reaching nearly $91 billion. Factor in a 1.1 percent decline in full-time enrollment, and the average state and local support per student rose 5.2 percent to hit $6,966 – still more than $1,200 less than what was spent in 2008 – dragging down the share of education costs borne by students to 46.5 percent. That’s the lowest that figure has been since 2011. Read the report and get the data at SHEEO’s website. 

Ryan’s President Trump Problem – When House Speaker Paul Ryan effectively took himself out of consideration as a possible “Stop Trump” candidate at a contested GOP convention, the smart thinking immediately leapt to the idea that Ryan’s real sights are on the 2020 race. And, in many ways,  a “bide your time” makes sense, but if Ryan’s still Speaker at all in 2017, it’s likely to be a disastrous experience for him because of a forecasted an epic cycle of internecine fights and humiliating climb-downs that make John Boehner’s years in office look dignified due to the repercussions of the Trump campaign on the Republican party. Read more in Vox.

Unedumacated – Trump made headlines after the Nevada caucuses when he pronounced love for the “poorly educated.” New research from the Pew Research Center offers context that helps explain why. It finds that highly educated adults are far more likely to take liberal positions, and the education divide has only grown wider over the past 20 years. Watch the Trump statement after the Nevada primary at Politico. Read the Pew Study here

First Loser of the Season – The first primary loss by an incumbent in this election season happened to Rep. Chakah Fattah (D-PA). First elected in 1995, Rep. Fattah was an entrenched Democratic incumbent from Philadelphia, who lost his primary Tuesday night after being indicted on corruption charges last year. Fattah’s legal troubles gave an opening to state Rep. Dwight Evans, who narrowly defeated Fattah on Tuesday. Evans led with 43 percent of the vote to Fattah’s 36 percent, while two other challengers split the remainder with nearly every vote counted. Read more at Politco. 

Kinda Like David and Goliath – A small mammal has sabotaged the world’s most powerful scientific instrument. The Large Hadron Collider went off line this week from an electrical issue. Upon investigation, officials found the charred remains of most likely a weasel that had chewed through the power lines. Read more at NPR.

 

What We’re Reading This Week, April 18-22

Here’s a selection of articles the Federal Relations Team is enjoying this week.

M-O-N-E-Y – An initial concern about Paul Ryan becoming Speaker was the sheer quantity of fundraising that the position requires and the amount of travel that will entail. Ryan, with two school-aged kids, was honest about not wanting to spend his weekends traveling the country wooing donors, and the fear was the House Republicans would not be able to raise as much. Well, those fears seem to be unwarranted. In the first quarter of 2016, “Team Ryan” raised more than $17 million, which was distributed to the National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC), to Ryan’s personal campaign and to other candidates. In March alone, Team Ryan shipped $6.3 million to the NRCC. In fact, Ryan has put the NRCC fundraising at a better pace than where Boehner left it. Read more in The Washington Post.

Rotunda Interior Restoration September 2015 (AOC)
Rotunda Interior Restoration September 2015 (AOC)

It Isn’t Just About Winning – New York State’s primary election was this week, and for two candidates, the primary wasn’t simply about more delegates (although they need that to lock down respective nominations). Trump must take 50 percent of the vote in every congressional district in order to sweep the three delegates that are up for grabs in each district, which leaves little margin for error as he fights to reach the 1,237-delegate threshold to deliver him the nomination on the first ballot at the Republican Convention in July. For Clinton, a single-digit victory in the state that elected her twice to the Senate, and where she beat Barack Obama by 17 points in 2008, would signal vulnerabilities in her campaign. Plus, it is the home state of both Trump and Clinton. Read more in Politico.

Misleading Congress – A report out this week from the victim advocacy group Protect Our Defenders reveals that the Pentagon exaggerated and distorted the facts in order to undermine fundamental reform of the military justice system. Specifically, Adm. James Winnefeld, vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, did so in 2013 when testifying before Congress about the Military Justice Improvement Act (MJLA), which the Department of Defense opposes. The facts in question, which are now refuted, are that that civilian prosecutors “refused” to prosecute 93 specific sexual assault cases that nonetheless went to court-martial because a military commander “insisted” on it. The MJLA would strip military commanders of the authority to decide whether a sexual assault case should move forward, and hand that authority over to independent military prosecutors instead. The Pentagon says this reform would undermine the chain of command and interfere with commanders’ ability to deal with problems in their units. Read more at Vox. Read the Protect Our Defenders report here. 

Future of Sourcing – Traditional techniques of of phone calls and mailers are alienating younger alumni, which is why the College of the Holy Cross College went online via GiveCampus. In 43 hours, the school raised nearly $2 million. GiveCampus has helped more than 70 colleges, high schools and elementary schools raise $10 million since it launched last year. The model is based on websites such as Kickstarter.com and IndieGoGo.com, but GiveCampus works directly with schools as a measure of quality control. Schools are charged a subscription fee based on the amount of money they aim to raise. Read more in the Washington Post. 

Splitsville – This week, the Supreme Court heard the oral arguments for the United States v. Texas, which is over the Administration’s plan to allow 4.5 million unauthorized immigrants to apply for protection from deportation and work permits. The lower court overturned the Administration’s Executive Order, and the court’s conservatives and liberals seemed split, and a 4-to-4 tie would leave in place a lower court’s decision that the president exceeded his powers in issuing the directive. However, in the wake of the death of Justice Antonin Scalia, the court seems wary of having too many important cases concluded with a split decision. Read more about the case in Vox and in The Washington Post.

Ch-ch-ch-changes – The Treasury announced this week that Harriet Tubman will be the new face of the $20 bill replacing President Andrew Jackson. Tubman’s place on the twenty will go into effect by 2020 in time for the centennial of both the women’s suffrage and ratification of the 19th Amendment. Four other, yet to be released, female American icons will join Tubman on the back of the treasury note. Prior to the obscenely successful, Pulitzer Prize-winning Broadway rap-musical “Hamilton”, there was a movement to replace Alexander Hamilton, first Treasury Secretary, on the $10 bill.  However, after impassioned pleas from Hamilton fans, including musical creator Lin-Manuel Miranda, Treasury decided to change the $20. [Note: While writing the musical, Miranda actually debuted songs from the musical at a White House event.] Read more in the New York Times.

 

Senate Full Committee Approves C-J-S and T-HUD Appropriations Bills, Plus Emergency Zika Funding

Today, the Senate Appropriations Committee on Thursday approved a draft FY 2017 C-J-S spending bill with $56.3 billion in discretionary spending that includes funds for efforts to combat heroin use. The FY 2017 amounts would be about $563 million above the currently enacted level, and $1.6 billion more than the Obama Administration request. Overall, it is a 1 percent increase from fiscal 2016.

Also, the Senate Appropriations Committee approved its $56.5 billion FY 2017 Transportation-HUD (T-HUD) spending bill by a 30-0 vote. The measure boosts funding for housing assistance programs but cuts funds for transportation. The panel is now expected to consider amendments.

Overall, the FY 2017 draft bill includes $16.9 billion in discretionary funds for the Department of Transportation and $39.2 billion for the Department of Housing and Urban Development. The overall total is $827 million lower than FY 2016 enacted levels and $2.9 billion below the Administration’s budget request.

Amendments are expected to be contentious, judging from reactions from advocacy groups after a bill summary was released Tuesday. The bill contains controversial provisions related to trucker rest requirements. Lawmakers have also voiced concern about tight funding in the bill that could strain rental assistance programs. After amendment consideration, the bill heads to the full Senate.

Finally, at the Committee meeting today, Senate Appropriations Chairman Thad Cochran said that a bipartisan Zika funding measure will be part of a future appropriations bill.  Republican Senators Roy Blunt (R-MO) and Lindsey Graham (R-SC) have worked with Democratic Senators Patty Murray (D-WA) and Patrick J. Leahy (D-VT) to develop a bipartisan Zika proposal. Meanwhile, Senator Bill Nelson (D-FL) said he and Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid (D-NV) will introduce a bill on the Senate floor that would contain the Obama administration request for $1.9 billion in emergency funding to combat the virus.

Energy & Water Moves Forward with a Veto Threat

Last night, the House Appropriations Committee cleared its FY 2017 Energy & Water Appropriations legislation by voice vote, clearing the measure for Floor consideration. The bill includes $37.4 billion for the Department of Energy, Army Corps of Engineers, Bureau of Reclamation and other agencies and programs.

House Democrats and Republicans sparred over language in the bill dealing with firearms on Army Corps of Engineers lands and Obama administration clean water regulations. The panel turned back Democratic amendments that would have struck a cluster of Republican policy provisions and provide emergency aid for Flint, MI.

The Senate passed its version of the FY 2017 measure last week in both subcommittee and full committee. Meanwhile, as the Senate is considering the measure on the Floor, the Administration has issued a  Statement of Administration Policy containing a veto threat of the measure if it should pass in its current form.

The SAP outlines a number of issues the administration has with the bill, including low funding for energy research and development and “the inclusion of problematic ideological provisions that are beyond the scope of funding legislation.” The OMB statement refers specifically to a policy rider in the bill that would bar changes by the administration to the definition of “fill material” or “discharge of fill material” as it relates to the Clean Water Act (PL 95-217). Republicans fear such action could harm coal and mining activities.

Regarding Energy research funding, the SAP specifically says:

“The bill underfunds critical energy research and development activities and fails to put us on an achievable path toward doubling clean energy research and development by FY 2021. Specifically, the Administration objects to the low funding levels provided for the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy and the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Reductions in both of these programs significantly below the FY 2017 Budget request would undermine critical activities that support the development and commercialization of clean energy technologies. At this funding level, the number of research, development, and demonstration projects supported in cooperation with industry, universities, and the national labs would be reduced, limiting innovation and technological advancement. Funding at this level also would impede development of solutions to reduce U.S. dependence on oil and reduce energy waste, and undermine the Nation’s competitiveness in the future global clean energy economy.”

Read the SAP here.

Read an overview of the Senate FY 2017 Energy & Water bill here. 

Read and overview of the House FY2017 Energy & Water bill here. 

Senate Moves C-J-S Forward

Today, the Senate Subcommittee on Commerce-Justice-Science approved its $56.3 billion FY 2017 legislation on a bipartisan voice vote, boosting the spending allocation by 1 percent over current levels. The full bill text is expected to be released when the legislation is marked up by the full committee Thursday.

Overall, the bill would provide a $71 million boost, to $9.3 billion, for the Department of Commerce, and a $156 billion increase, to $29.2 billion, for the Justice Department. NASA would receive a tiny increase of $21 million to $19.3 billion. The National Science Foundation would receive a $46 million increase to $7.5 billion. The Census Bureau, an agency of the Commerce Department, would receive an increase of $150 million as it prepares for the decennial census in 2020.

NIST

  • $974 million for NIST, $10 million above the FY2016 enacted level, to strengthen the U.S. cybersecurity posture through cutting-edge research and development, expand opportunities in the areas of advanced manufacturing, and continue promotion of the highest-quality standards to maintain fairness in the marketplace. 
  • 25 million for the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation (NNMI), which supports private sector efforts in advanced manufacturing by establishing industry-driven institutes through open competition.

 

NOAA 

  • $5.7 billion for NOAA, a $33.5 million increase above the FY2016 enacted level for core NOAA operations including: ocean monitoring; fisheries management; coastal grants to states; aquaculture research; and severe weather forecasting. 
  • The bill provides full funding for NOAA’s flagship weather satellites, which are critical for accurate weather warnings to save lives and protect property.  Funding for NOAA continues to target new areas of investment for fisheries management, including the testing and implementation of new technologies and management schemes to expand opportunities for American commercial and recreational fishermen.  
  • This bill provides $383 million to continue construction of two new polar ‘follow-on’ satellites and $1.5 billion for NOAA’s legacy JPSS and GOES weather satellites.  Polar satellites provide 85 percent of the data used to forecast the weather and are a vital component of Americans’ personal, property and economic security. 

 

NASA 

  • $19.3 billion for NASA, $21 million over the FY2016 enacted level and $1 billion above the FY2017 NASA budget request, to support the human and robotic exploration of space, fund science missions that enhance the understanding of the Earth, the solar system, and the universe, and support fundamental aeronautics research. 
  • $2.15 billion for the Space Launch System (SLS), which is $150 million above the FY2016 enacted level and $920 million above the request.  The SLS is the nation’s launch vehicle that will enable humans to explore space beyond current capabilities.  The funding maintains the current schedule for the first launch of SLS, and provides $300 million in critical funding for upper stage engine work for future crewed missions in 2021 and beyond.
  • $1.3 billion for the Orion crewed spacecraft, $30 million above the FY2016 enacted level and $247 million above the request, to enable a crewed launch in 2021.  Orion is the NASA-crewed vehicle being designed to take astronauts to destinations farther than ever before, including Mars.
  • $5.4 billion for Science, $194 million below the FY2016 enacted level and $92.5 million above the request.  This funding encompasses missions from the Earth to the Moon, throughout the solar system, and the far reaches of the universe.
  • $1.18 billion, the same as the request, to further develop a domestic crew launch capability.  Once developed and fully tested, these vehicles will help end the United States’ reliance on Russia for transporting American astronauts to and from the International Space Station.
  • $687 million for Space Technology, the same as the FY2016 enacted level and $4.1 million below the request.  Funding is included to advance projects that are early in development that will eventually demonstrate capabilities needed for future space exploration.

 

NSF

  • $7.5 billion for NSF, maintaining the FY2016 enacted level.  Funding is provided for basic research across all scientific disciplines to support the development of effective Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics [STEM] programs and to grow the next generation of scientists. 
  • $159 million is provided for the design and construction of three Regional Class Research Vessels (RCRV) instead of the two RCRVs, as proposed by NSF.  By having three regional ships, the Gulf of Mexico and the East and West coasts will be able to have their own dedicated RCRV to maximize research time in each region.